Sandalwood plants (Santalum spp.) are famous for their fragrant heartwood, which is used in perfumes, incense, and traditional medicine. These plants are typically slow-growing and require specific conditions to thrive.
Key Features :
Type : Sandalwood is a parasitic tree, meaning it depends on other plants for water and nutrients through its root system. This makes it a bit challenging to grow without a suitable host plant.
Fragrance : The wood of sandalwood trees contains an essential oil that has a rich, pleasant fragrance. The oil is often extracted for use in aromatherapy, perfumes, and incense.
Varieties : There are several species of sandalwood, with Santalum album (Indian Sandalwood) being the most well-known, while Santalum spicatum (Australian Sandalwood) is another common variety.
Growing Conditions :
Soil : Well-drained, sandy or loamy soil is best. Sandalwood plants are sensitive to waterlogging.
Climate : Sandalwood prefers warm, tropical to subtropical climates. It thrives in areas with temperatures between 20-30°C (68-86°F).
Watering : Regular watering is necessary but make sure not to overwater as it can lead to root rot. The plant needs moderate humidity.
Host Plants : Since sandalwood is semi-parasitic, it needs a host plant to grow alongside, such as a tree like Acacia or Eucalyptus.
Sunlight : Full sun to partial shade is ideal for sandalwood.
Uses :
Essential Oil : The oil extracted from the heartwood of sandalwood trees is highly valued in the fragrance industry.
Medicinal Uses : Sandalwood is also used in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
Wood : The wood itself is used in crafting incense sticks, carvings, and even furniture.